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J. bras. pneumol ; 33(1): 36-42, jan.-fev. 2007. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-452349

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Analisar os resultados da espirometria de pacientes submetidos a transplante de medula óssea e verificar sua importância na detecção de complicações pulmonares e sua correlação com a evolução dos pacientes. MÉTODOS:Foram analisados retrospectivamente os resultados da espirometria em 120 pacientes, maiores de doze anos, de ambos os sexos, e comparados com o tipo de transplante de medula óssea, doença de base, sorologia para citomegalovírus, fonte de células para o transplante, tabagismo, infecção pulmonar, doença pulmonar prévia, duração da doença hematológica, quimioterapia utilizada, regime de condicionamento, doença do enxerto contra o hospedeiro aguda e crônica e óbito. RESULTADOS: Dezesseis pacientes apresentaram alterações da espirometria antes do transplante, sendo 5 por cento com obstrução pura, 5,8 por cento com restrição pura e 2,5 por cento com obstrução com redução da capacidade vital. Após o transplante 29 pacientes apresentaram alterações desses exames. A chance de alteração da espirometria foi maior nos pacientes com doença do enxerto contra o hospedeiro aguda (p = 0,02), idade menor que 30 anos (p = 0,02), sexo feminino (p = 0,02) e naqueles que receberam células tronco (p = 0,01). As presenças de doença pulmonar prévia e doença do enxerto contra o hospedeiro crônica associaram-se com aumento da mortalidade. Alterações prévias da espirometria não estiveram relacionadas com o óbito pós-transplante. CONCLUSÃO: As alterações detectadas na espirometria não foram capazes de predizer a ocorrência de complicações pulmonares e óbito pós-transplantes. Também não foram determinantes para a não realização do procedimento. A espirometria simples realizada na avaliação desses pacientes parece ter pouca importância prática.


OBJECTIVE: To analyze the spirometry findings in patients undergoing bone marrow transplant, determining the importance of such findings in predicting postoperative pulmonary complications and looking for correlations with postoperative outcomes. METHODS:The spirometry findings in 120 male and female patients, all above the age of 12, were evaluated retrospectively and compared in terms of the following parameters: the type of bone marrow transplant; the underlying disease; cytomegalovirus serology; source of the transplanted cells; smoking; pulmonary infection; history of lung disease; duration of the hematological disease; chemotherapy employed; conditioning regimen; acute or chronic rejection of the transplant; and post-operative mortality. RESULTS: In the pre-operative spirometry, 16 patients (13.3 percent) presented alterations: 6 (5 percent) presented pure obstruction; 7 (5.8 percent) presented pure restriction; and 3 (2.5 percent) presented obstruction accompanied by a reduction in vital capacity. In the post-operative spirometry, 29 patients (24.2 percent) presented alterations. The chance of presenting post-operative spirometry alterations was greater in patients presenting acute transplant rejection (p = 0.02), patients older than 30 (p = 0.02), female patients (p = 0.02) and patients receiving stem cells (p = 0.01). Having a history of lung disease was found to be associated with greater mortality, as was suffering from chronic transplant rejection. No relationship was found between pre-operative spirometry alterations and post-operative mortality. CONCLUSION: In bone marrow transplant patients, the alterations found through pre-operative spirometry were not predictive of post-operative pulmonary complications or mortality. Nor were such alterations determinant of whether or not a given patient was a good candidate for bone marrow transplant. Simple spirometry seems to be of little practical importance in the evaluation of such patients.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Bone Marrow Transplantation/adverse effects , Lung Diseases/etiology , Spirometry , Bone Marrow Transplantation/mortality , Brazil/epidemiology , Clinical Protocols , Epidemiologic Methods , Graft vs Host Disease/diagnosis , Graft vs Host Disease/prevention & control , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Lung Diseases/diagnosis , Postoperative Period , Preoperative Care , Vital Capacity
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